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programmer is someone who makes the machine do the right behavior,
from c++ systems programming to batch files, to hypercard, whatever
gets the task done.
A programmer, basically just uses a computer program (C, C++,
etc.) that performs some specified task(s).
Programmer may have different tasks in the production phase.
More experienced (or maybe just smarter ones) programmers may
be involved in the design of the whole project and its implementation.
They may determine the path their company (ies) will take by
incorporating certain (new or old) technologies. This does not
mean that a computer scientist is not a programmer. The other
way around is false. Anyone who configures a computer to perform
either an operation they couldn't without it, an operation that
would be tedious and error prone without it or an operation
that would take too long without it. Note the key word is configures.
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
Programmers
and Computer Scientists often use several programming languages
to facilitate certain tasks. Often it's the day-to-day duties
of their job. Below are just a few of those programming languages
with their definitions. There are some you have heard of, and
some that you may not heard of. But as a graphic designer, it
can be very useful to at least be aware of some of these. Not
only that, it would be extremely beneficial to your career to
learn some of the basic elements of a particular programming
language.